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I haven't seen a discussion of N3 on LtU yet, so let's start one.
RDF is a way of specifying predicates in XML. N3 is a notation designed to make writing RDF easier. N3 has some interesting features. For example, it views the "." operator from object-oriented languages as a graph traversal operator, and then promptly provides a "^" operator that traverses the graph in the opposite direction -- something that OO languages cannot do because of the underlying memory model of references and pointers.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about N3 is that it's a notation for a predicate-based data store, designed by someone whose apparent background is closer to C++ and Lisp than to Prolog.
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N3 -- a notation for writing RDF