closure-based object-oriented programming languages

It's common for Scheme programers to develop object systems based on closures. An object's methods are closures whose free variables comprise the object's instance variables. The object itself is represented by a method lookup function. See for example Ken Dickey's "Scheming with Objects".

Have any programming languages been based on closures as the fundamental building block?

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Reminds me of Bla

OCaml?

Last time I checked, OCaml's objects were extendable polymorphic records of closures. Does this qualify?

Yes

From my vague understanding of how it works, I think you are right. Thanks for reminding me.

I should have noted that, as well as Scheme, this construction is sometimes used in Javascript and Perl.