Lambda the Ultimate

Retrospective: An Axiomatic Basis for Computer Programming, by C.A.R. Hoare:

This month marks the 40th anniversary of the publication of the first article I wrote as an academic. I have been invited to give my personal view of the advances that have been made in the subject since then, and the further advances that remain to be made. Which of them did I expect, and which of them surprised me?

An interesting review of the history of computing. He has some nice perspectives on the complementarity of testing and formal methods, and how the growing cracking industry became an unexpected driving force behind industrial interest in verification.